Cherkasy region is located in the central part of Ukraine, in the pool of the middle flow of Dnipro river. Cherkasy region has land borders with Kyiv region in the north, Poltava region in the east, Kirovograd region in the south, and Vinnytsa region in the west.

The total area of Cherkasy region is 20,9 thousand sq. km. that constitutes 3.5 % of the state territory(ranking 18th in Ukraine).

The region stretches for 145 km from south-west to north-east, and for 150 km from north to south. The extreme north point is located near Kononivka village of Drabivsky district; the south point-by Kolodiste village of Talnivsky district; the west point-near Korytnya village of Zhashkivsky district; the east point-not far from Stetsivka village of Chegyrynsky district. According to mathematical calculations, the geographical centre of the region is the point near Zhuravka village of Gorodyshensky district.

The territory of Cherkasy region is mostly flat and can be divided into two parts: a right-back part and a left-bank part. Most of the right-bank part is situated in the boundaries of Prydniprovsky summit. The summit is known by the region's highest point with its absolute height of 275 metres above the sea level (near Monastyryshe). In the adjoining to the Dnipro right-bank part, the swampy Irdyno-Tyasmynska lowland is located. Kanivski Mountains also belong to this area.

Bowels of Cherkasy region earth are rich in various minerals, first of all, building materials. Granit of different types can be found in Gorodyshensky, Korsun-Shevchenkivsky, Smilyansky, Umansky and other districts. Today about 400 deposits of different kinds of clay are known. Concrete and poly concrete clay have a significant value. It lies close to Dashukivka of Lysyansky district. Near Murzynets and Nemorozhi of Zvenigorodsky district and Novoselytsi of Katyrynopil district high-quality refractory clay - caolines are stored. Quartz sand is widely spread almost everywhere.

Among fuel resources brown coal and peat prevail. Kozatske, Ryzhanivske, Jurkivske are considered to be the greatest deposits of brown coal. They are situated in Zvenigorodsky, Novoselytsky, Mokrokalygirsky, Katerynopilsky, Tarnavsky and Monastyryshetsy districts.

Ore minerals in the form of sedimentary iron ores can be found in Kanivky, Smilyansky, Shpolyansky districts, and radical titanic - in Smilyansky district.

Climate of the region is moderately continental. Winter is soft, with frequent thawing weather. Summer is warm, in some particular years even hot, western winds bring precipitation. Average temperature in the coldest month of January is - 5,9* C. The average temperature in summer is + 19*C.

Internal waters of area presented by the rivers, lakes, bogs, underground waters and artificial reservoirs. The water surface borrows 4 % of the general territory.

The rivers of Cherkasy region belong to pools of Dnipro river and The Southern Bug. In total there are 1037 rivers in the area with their total length of about 7,6 thousand km, including 181 rivers 10 km long. The basic rivers in the pool of The Dnipro within the limits of the region are: The Ros, Tyasmyn, Vilshanka, Sunij, Zolotonoshka, Chumgak. To the pool of The Southern Bug belong The Gnylyj Tikych, Girskyj Tikych, Velyka Vys, Yartan.

The greatest artificial water basins within the limits of the region are Kanivske nd Kremenchucke. They were formed by dams of hydroelectric power stations. In addition to that, 37 small water basins and more than 2, 3 thousand ponds were constructed.

The vegetation of the region is characterized by a combination of the forest-steppe flora and the steppe zone flora. Among tree species in the woods are: oak, ash, pine, hornbeam, alder, linden, maple, birch and poplar prevail. Among bushes the most widely spread are: hazel grove, guelder-rose, dogrose, sloe, bird cherry. The steppe vegetation is presented by long-term grasses. Different kinds of plants that that are adjusted to moisture are growing by the rivers and in some separate boggy areas.

The location of the region in a forest-steppe zone predetermines various specific structure of fauna. 66 kinds of mammals, 280 kinds of birds, 9 kinds of kowtowing, 11 kinds of amphibious, 44 kinds of fishes are totalled.